Symbolism Of Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451 - 868 Words

Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury once stated, â€Å"I never consciously place symbolism in my writing. That would be a self-conscious exercise and self-consciousness is defeating to any creative act †¦ During a lifetime, one saves up information which collects itself around centers in the mind; these automatically become symbols on a subliminal level and need only be summoned in the heat of writing.† (The Paris Review). Bradbury’s may not have consciously placed symbolism in Fahrenheit 451, but his use of symbolism throughout the story allows the reader to relate back to their most basic instincts, all while seeing a deeper meaning to what they are really looking at. Fire is one of man’s oldest tools, and Bradbury’s use of it as a symbol can be viewed in many different ways. Another use of symbolism is his use of the Salamander and Phoenix to resemble their iconic fire trucks, and the emblems on their uniforms. Bradbury starts off using the symbolism of fire, the Phoenix and the Salamander to demonstrate power and destruction, however; throughout the story the original meaning of these symbols begins to transform much like the protagonist Guy Montag, and eventually other symbols like the sieve and the river shed light on the transformation of Montag. All of these symbols come together with the use of allegory to bring an understanding of the larger issues faced by their society, such as the overuse of technology and censorship. Fire, the most predominant use ofShow MoreRelatedFahrenheit 451 Critical Essay1607 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Lintang Syuhada 13150024 Book Report 1 Fahrenheit 451 Critical Essay Human beings are naturally curious. We are always in search of better ideas, and new solutions to problems. One of a basic idea of Indonesia has been freedom of thinking and a free flow of ideas. But in some societies, governments try to keep their people ignorant. Usually, this is so governments can keep people under control and hold on to their power. In trying to keep people from the realities of the world, these oppressiveRead MoreFahrenheit 451 : The Burning Truth1149 Words   |  5 PagesAbdulmalik Alnagadi Doctor Clare Little Humanities 142 Aug/7/2014 â€Å"Fahrenheit 451†: The Burning Truth Introduction Fahrenheit 451 is the actual temperature at which paper catches fire. The story by Ray Bradbury represents a social criticism that alarms individuals against the risk of suppressing their feelings due to restrictions. The fascinating story of Bradbury, ‘Fahrenheit 451’ is interestingly well constructed. It can be clearly recognized that the book broadens the idea of a short story thatRead MoreAnalysis Of Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1609 Words   |  7 PagesThematic Essay on Fahrenheit 451 Imagine a world where your family connections have been replaced by a television screen. Everything you know is only what you have been told by others so that you have no opinion of your own. And if you dare start thinking for yourself, the consequences are dire. This situation seems unrealistic, but in Ray Bradbury s futuristic novel Fahrenheit 451, this is the way the world works. Bradbury creates a society filled with ignorance where even in the midst of all theRead MoreSymbolism : Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1144 Words   |  5 PagesSymbolism is a technique that literary adds meaning to stories through the use of objects or events portrayed to represent something else. The reason behind the use of symbolism is eluding something s meaning without sighting on the obvious. The in-depth analysis of the use of symbolism will feature in a short story-Fahrenheit 451 (Fenton). Fahrenheit 451 is a science fiction artistic work of literature that makes use of symbols in the reflection of the humanity journey revived in a dystopian societyRead MoreFahrenheit 451 symbolism paper1535 Words   |  7 Pages American Literature 11 11 November 2013 Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury, the author of the well-known science fiction novel Fahrenheit 451, was alarmed by how much time he felt the public devoted to watching television in the 1950’s. â€Å"If this [trend of television watching] goes on†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he wrote, â€Å"nobody will read books anymore† (XIII). This thought of a television-obsessed future public frightened Bradbury. He was particularly fearful of how technology might prevent people from formingRead MoreFarenheit 451 : Author And Original Year Of Publication1705 Words   |  7 PagesRittel English II HP, Period 2 08 May 2015 Honors English Novel Study Form Title: Fahrenheit 451 Author and Original Year of Publication: Bradbury, 1953 MLA citation: Bradbury, Ray. Fahrenheit 451. New York: Ballantine Publishing, 1978. Print. Pertinent biographical information on author (must include a citation that matches the Works Cited page): Ray Bradbury was born in Waukegan, Illinois on August 22, 1920. Bradbury chose the writer path at the age of twelve and thirteen where he later discoveredRead MoreSymbolism in Fahrenheit 4511468 Words   |  6 PagesSymbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Ray Bradbury, perhaps one of the best-known science fiction, wrote the amazing novel Fahrenheit 451. The novel is about Guy Montag, a #8216;fireman#8217; who produces fires instead of eliminating them in order to burn books (Watt 2). One night while he is walking home from work he meets a young girl who stirs up his thoughts and curiosities like no one has before. She tells him of a world where fireman put out fires instead of starting them and where people readRead MoreThe Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury846 Words   |  4 Pagesfor ignorance. In the early 1900’s, two books were published that would eventually be referred to the pinnacle of classical literature. The Great Gatsby and Fahrenheit 451 both stand out as stunning literary works. But their success is not the only thing they share. Though they are very dissimilar in setting as well as genre, the two books have the same theme. The theme is the universal message the book is trying to inform the readers about. Fitzgerald and Bradbury both convey the theme of the pursuitRead MoreFahrenheit 451, By Ray Bradbury1554 Words   |  7 PagesThe Burning Truth: Symbolism in Fahrenheit 451 Because of individual freedoms and choices, citizens of the United States have the opportunity to be unique and to pursue their wildest dreams. The freedoms and opportunities offered to Americans allow them to dare to dream and achieve as long as they are willing to work and sacrifice. Imagine living in other countries where oppressive governments take away individual rights and take control of what citizens read, watch, and discuss—where free thoughtRead MoreRay Bradbury s Fahrenheit 4511410 Words   |  6 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451, published in 1953 by Ballantine Books, rose to fame quickly and surely as a grandfather of the dystopian genre. A year after its release, Greg Conklin of Galaxy Science Fiction named the novel, â€Å"among the great works of the imagination written in English in the last decade or more† (Conklin). The Chicago Sunday Tribune s August Derleth called it a shockingly savage prophetic view of one possible future way of life, w hile honoring Bradbury in sight of his brilliant

The American Civil War A Bloody War - 1922 Words

The American Civil War was a bloody war of four years fought between the United States, or the Union, and several Southern slave states known as the Confederate States of America. According to Pulitzer Prize-winning author James McPherson, â€Å"The Civil War started because of uncompromising differences between the free and slave states over the power of the national government to prohibit slavery in the territories that had not yet become states.† When Abraham Lincoln became president in 1860, seven states succeeded from the United States forming the Confederate States of America. People of the North, along with the Lincoln administration, failed to recognize the legitimacy of the secession. They feared that with the secession, it would damage democracy and would be the cause of breaking up the United States into small countries, making the word â€Å"United† in United States meaningless. The Confederate States wanted to keep slavery and expand slavery into the newly claimed western territories, while the Union feared that expanding slavery would threaten their control in the Senate because they would be outnumbered by slave states. The two sides failed to come up with a compromise finding the Missouri Compromise of 1850 unconstitutional in 1857. Because the Missouri Compromise was deemed unconstitutional, there was a famous court case where a black salve, Dred Scott, sued for his freedom claiming Missouri citizenship when he was moved to New York. The ruling of the court was thatShow MoreRelatedThe Central American country of Guatemala fought a bloody civil war for over 36 years. The1900 Words   |  8 Pages The Central American country of Guatemala fought a bloody civil war for over 36 years. The internal conflict began in November of 1960 and did not end until December of 1996. The key players that fought where the Guatemalan government and the ethnic Mayan indigenous people that where extremely leftist compared to the Guatemalan governm ent. The indigenous persons where joined by other non-government forces known as the Ladino peasantry and other rural poor. This civil conflict would escalate toRead MoreThe American Civil War858 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Civil War was an event that changed the landscape of America and brought it into the modern era. This transition was facilitated by the separation between the emergence of conflict between the North and South, the civil war that ensued, and what the end of the war meant for America. The resulting conflict had turned a separated America into a more united country as the shift from the bloody war lead to the birth of modern America. Firstly, the conflict was a result of ever increasingRead MoreEssay on The Meaning of the Gettysburg Address564 Words   |  3 Pageslength at around 300 words, this famous speech delivered by President Abraham Lincoln on November 19, 1963 in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania is both enduring and meaningful for all Americans today, almost exactly 146 years later. The first paragraph of his speech sets the tone, in which Lincoln does not directly mention the bloody Battle of Gettysburg, in which 50,000 soldiers lost their lives. Instead, he refers in the opening phrase, â€Å"Four score and seven years ago,† to the founding of America throughRead MoreThe Battle Of The Civil War960 Words   |  4 PagesHave you ever wondered why the Civil War happened or why it was so substantial to American History? What was the battle that changed it all; that made it the history it is today? Many people have made speculations on the causes of the war and what the major turning point was, but can not really narrow it down. In James McPherson’s Crossroads of Freedom: Antietam he points out the pivotal moments in American history that led up to and changed the Civil War, so that the reader can get a better insightRead MoreSlavery And The Civil War1706 Words   |  7 PagesAbraham Lincoln once said, â€Å"A house divided against itself cannot stand.† In the 1800s, the American nation was slowly becoming a house divided against itself. The United States were no longer united, mainly over the issue of slavery. In fact, many historians believe that, â€Å"From the nation’s founding, the issue of slavery threatened to tear the United States apart.† (â€Å"The Civil War† 1). The issue of slavery was always kept at bay through the utilization of various compromises; however a permanentRead MoreThe Civil War : A Bloody Time For Everyone Alive1541 Words   |  7 Pages If the Civil War could be described in only one word, that one word would be trag edy. Such a bloody time for everyone alive in what is now know as The United States of America. The Civil War took pace in the years of 1861-1865 there were multiple reasons as to why the Civil War broke out but the number one reason for the Civl War was, the diverse opinions on the issue of slavery. Slavery was such a horrific thing going on at this time in history, but not all people who owned slaves treated themRead MoreThe Civil War Of North And South Essay1269 Words   |  6 Pagesnumber of slaved labors to help them work on the plantations. Such difference led to the main distinction which existed throughout the entire Civil War, the dependence on the slavery. These differences sparked conflict between the North and the South placing them in an indisputable position, eventually leading to the Civil War. The prosecution of the Civil War of North and South differed drastically. The North fought to preserve the Union which entailed abolishing slavery, enlisting the black in theR ead MoreMeaning Behind The Gettysburg Address Essay572 Words   |  3 Pagesenduring and meaningful for all Americans today, almost exactly 146 years later. The first paragraph of his speech sets the tone, in which Lincoln does not directly mention the bloody Battle of Gettysburg, in which 50,000 soldiers lost their lives. Instead, he refers in the opening phrase, â€Å"Four score and seven years ago,† to the founding of America through another important written document, the Declaration of Independence in 1776. I believe Lincoln wanted all Americans to focus on preserving thisRead More Analysis of the Movie Doctor Zhivago Essay1490 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of the Movie Doctor Zhivago Doctor Zhivago is a historically accurate movie. It is a love story that takes place during the Russian Revolution, World War One, and the Russian Civil War. Doctor Zhivago is historically correct because of the events it represents, the people the actors portray, and the level of detail put into the setting. At the beginning of the movie, there is a scene showing a man handing out flyers asking workers to join him in a peaceful march to protest againstRead More Killer Angels The Human Factor Essay976 Words   |  4 PagesPaper The Human Factor in the American Civil War nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Michael Shaaraamp;#8217;s fictional novel, The Killer Angels, is based on the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War. The novel allows the reader to recognize the heart and courage of the more than two million men that fought in the war. Shaara focuses the reader to better understand the reason why these men fight and the meaning of the war. Ultimately, the reader observes that the war is fought on an individual

Essay about Rembrandts Painting An Old Man in Military...

Rembrandts Painting An Old Man in Military Costume With an extraordinary intensity, Rembrandt van Rijn’s â€Å"An Old Man in Military Costume† is an example of the artist’s use of dynamic lighting. The painting, on display at the Getty Museum, contains a single figure, an old man dressed in a military uniform. While one may appreciate the beauty of the work, to fully experience the passion and genius of the artist, it is necessary to see the painting in person. The delicate details that may be missed by a digital image are easily caught by the human eye. The proper way to view a Rembrandt is in the flesh; the difference is amazing. Born in Leiden, Netherlands, Rembrandt was the son of a miller and†¦show more content†¦Through the singular illumination, the man’s face becomes the focus of the entire picture while the background and his clothing are of secondary note. The positioning of the figure also draws attention to the face. The man’s body is turned sideways but his face is turned toward the viewer creating an impression that we have caught his eye rather than the other way around. Rembrandt painted every minute detail of the face with great care; from the watery reddened eyes to the individual hairs of the man’s beard, nothing is overlooked. Painted during a time when the Dutch were fighting the Spanish for their independence, the man may have been a member of the Dutch army. His patient and resigned demeanor could possibly be the result of years of military service. Sadness seems to surround the man as he faces loss of youth and his own mortality. The entire painting has an aura of sorrow interwoven with resolve. Elizabeth I could have spoken to many such men in her address, â€Å"To the English Troops at Tilbury, Facing the Spanish Armada.† Her rousing speech to encourage the English army invoked an image of the enemy, Spain: â€Å"†¦and [I] think foul scorn that Parma or Spain, or any prince of Europe should dare to invade the border of my realm† (1091). She discusses the strength of the English, their commitment to freedom and their willingness to fight. As theirShow MoreRelatedEssay on Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn1035 Words   |  5 PagesHis full name was Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn. He possessed a profound understanding of human nature that was matched by a brilliant technique—not only in painting but in drawing and etching—and his work made an enormous impact on his contemporaries and influenced the style of many later artists. Perhaps no painter has ever equaled Rembrandts chiaroscuro effects or his bold impasto. II. Life Print section Born in Leiden on July 15, 1606, Rembrandt was the son of a miller. Despite theRead MoreNew York Town And Washington1086 Words   |  5 PagesTripAdvisor’s prime depository within the world for 2 years currently, the Metropolitan depository of Art is America’s largest, as TripAdvisor says, â€Å"home to over 2 million works that span over 2 million sq. feet† together with â€Å"can’t-miss works from old master, Degas, van Gogh, Renoir, Manet, Monet, Picasso and a lot of.† Go currently and you ll see transmutation Object (PsychoBarn) by Cornelia Parker, that is what it sounds like: a mashup of a classic red barn with the Bates mansion from psychotic

Face to Face free essay sample

Were living in an age where e-mail, Facebook and digital connections are the rule, and face-to-face interactions start to become the exception. With the ability to exchange information via e-mail, chat and presentations over the web, face-to-face interactions with people seem to be unecessary. This is a harmful assumption that many people make. Without face-to-face communication intimacy is lost, there is greater misunderstanding, and people become lazy. To beegin with, people lose intimacy with one another because of the many forms of communication. You can certainly build and foster relationships over digital connections, but in my experience, the first time you meet a person face-to-face you develope a new level of fimiliarity. You can reveal interesting details about someone that may not be uncovered through digital communication. I have met many different people through the interenet and through phone calls, but once i met them in person, it changed the whole dynamic of the relationship. We will write a custom essay sample on Face to Face or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For example, a Facebook friend recently asked me to meet up with him. Although we seemingly had many things in common on Facebook, in reality we were completely different from each other. Secondly, without face-to-face communication, people get misunderstood a most of the time. Its hard to notice emotions, facial expressions, body languages, and tone of voice in an e-mail or text despite our attempts to give hints with various emoticons like punctuations, winking smiley faces, and acronyms like LOL. Sometimes, the attitude or intention behind the words is lost in translation leading to misunderstanding occurs. Shy people may come off as cold; people with little to say may come off as rude, and funny people may come off as insensitive. Ive been in a stitution were me and a friend where having a converstaion through text and I replied with an ok. She thought I was upset and being rude because she felt as if I didnt want to talk to her. This, of course, was not the case. If we had this conversation in person, she would have seen my body language and known what i meant by my response. Lastly, digital communication like e-mail, Facebook, and texting are some of the easiest and simplest forms of communication these days. Communication with technology creates laziness. There has been an incident where i was in a car with a few of my friends and two of them were exting while they wher sitting right next to eachother. When I asked why they were texting right beside eachother, one of the girls responded that she didnt feel like talking. I thought that was ridiculous! People are so caught up in the technology that they forget that they are human and not an electronic device themselves! In conclusion, face-to-face interaction are completely different from elecrtonic communication. Peaple who use electronic comunication lose intimacy, and are often misunderstood, and become lazier. The best form of communication is face-to-face, and it has always been since the beginning of time.

Kaufmann manufacturing company free essay sample

Ms. Mary Kaufmann, president and sole owner of Kaufmann Manufacturing Company (a manufacturer of a single, specialized, industrial product), had just received the financial results of her company for the second six months of 1992. At first, she was pleased by what she observed. However, when she compared these results to those of the first six months of 1992 and the budgets she had originally cast for the two six-month periods (see Exhibits 1, 2 and 3), she became confused. Ms. Kaufmann could not understand why profits had increased so dramatically in the second half of the year, even though actual sales volume had fallen to 188,000 units. She thought that a part of the improved profit could be attributed to the $3 selling price increase which she had authorized effective July 1, 1992; however, she did not believe its effect would be so dramatic. She thought that another part of the profit increase could be attributed to control of production costs, yet when she examined the manufacturing statements (Exhibit 3) she observed that production showed an overall unfavorable variance of $217,000 for the second six months of 1992 as compared to an overall favorable variance of $124,000 for the first six months of 1992. In order to gain an understanding of these confusing results, Ms. Kaufmann decided to meet with her sales manager, Sandy Stevens, and her production manager Carlos Chavez. She would have liked to have had her treasurer-controller, Kenneth Page, at the meeting, but Mr. Page was in New Orleans completing the financing arrangements for Kaufmanns planned expansion into the South. The following excerpts are from the January 15, 1993 meeting between Kaufmann, Stevens, and Chavez. Mary Kaufmann: Sandy, it looks like your idea to raise our price from $90 to $93 during the second half of the year really came through. We lost volume, just as you predicted, but we sure gave a boost to our income statement, also as you predicted. have you looked into your crystal ball for this year? Do we hold the line at $93 or should we risk another slight price increase? Sandy Stevens: Well, Mary I think our pricing strategy for this year is really going to depend on how well Carlos can control his costs. From the statements youve shown me (referring to Exhibits 1 through 3) it would appear as though we could have done even better in the second half if it had not been for $217,000 in unfavorable variances chalked up by production. Carlos Chavez: (Interrupting) Now hold on Sandy. Your neat little pricing strategy and its resulting decrease in volume raised havoc with our production scheduling. As you recall in our last meeting in July, Mary chewed me out for not meeting our normal production goal and for running down our inventories during the first six months of the year. So I go all out to meet—in fact, exceed— Professor Julie H. Hertenstein of Northeastern University prepared this case as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. It is based on an earlier case prepared by Professor Norman J. Bartczak. Copyright  © 1993 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies, call (617) 495-6117 or write the Publishing Division, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA 02163. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or by any means— electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Harvard Business School. 1 This document is authorized for use only by YIMING ZHAO in Managerial Accounting taught by Hai Lu from January 2014 to May 2014. For the exclusive use of Y. ZHAO 193-159 Kaufmann Manufacturing Company (A) normal production in the second half and all I get is grief. These variances (referring to the variances in Exhibit 3) are not my fault! They are simply due to your generating only 188,000 in unit sales. Ive kept things in line; in fact, Ive improved my performance over the first six months. Mary Kaufmann: I sure cant tell it from these figures, Carlos. Exactly what did you do to improve your performance? Carlos Chavez: Let me give you some general examples. Heres a copy for each of you of the standard cost sheet (Exhibit 4) which Ken Page worked up at the beginning of 1992. As you know, Ken worked for quite some time establishing the standards, and at our budget review meeting in December 1991 we all agreed that they seemed reasonable. I remember that we had some trouble with understanding how the fixed costs were to be allocated to our production for 1992, but Ken convinced us that something called full absorption costing on the basis of a normal production level would ensure that we cover all of our costs. Anyway, Ive tried to adhere to these standards as much as possible, but Ken said we could expect some variances simply because volume might be up or down from normal. He also said that it was likely that these variances would wash out by year end. Mary Kaufmann: (Interrupting) This standard cost sheet is very interesting Carlos, and I do remember approving it, but I dont see how it shows that youve improved your performance. Carlos Chavez: Sorry, Mary, I was getting to that. As I mentioned, Ken said that by year end some of the variances would wash out, and as you can see from the manufacturing statements (Exhibit 3), the net variance for the year is only $93,000 over budget. Why thats less than 1% of our original budget! Also, as you can see from the manufacturing statement, Ive beefed up our supervision back to its normal level, and I hope to see improvement in the next six months. In fact, my supervisors told me they felt they had done a good job in the second half of the year. Mary Kaufmann: The figures (pointing at Exhibit 3) sure dont show it! It looks as though your purchasing agent has been slack, your laborers inefficient, and your supervisors have tried to cover up their mistakes by cutting maintenance! Carlos Chavez: Give me a little time to develop some reports to explain the difference between expected and actual profitability in the first six month and the second six months of 1992. Questions 1. Compare and evaluate the profit and manufacturing performance of Kaufmann Manufacturing Company for the first and second six months of 1992. Write a memo to Ms. Kaufmann summarizing your analysis. 2. During the first half of 1992, Kaufmann Manufacturing Company just about broke even on sales of 212,000 units. In comparison, during the second half of 1992, when sales were 188,000 units, operating income was $1,619,800. Briefly explain this apparent inconsistency. 2 This document is authorized for use only by YIMING ZHAO in Managerial Accounting taught by Hai Lu from January 2014 to May 2014. For the exclusive use of Y. ZHAO Kaufmann Manufacturing Company (A) Exhibit 1 193-159 Comparative Income Statements (thousands of dollars) Original Budget for First Six Months of 1992 Sales Cost of goods solda aAll Original Budget for Second Six Months of 1992 Second Six Months Actual $18,000. 00 14,940. 00 $19,080. 00 16,608. 80 $18,000. 00 14,940. 00 $17,484. 00 13,364. 20 3,060. 00 2,500. 00 2,471. 20 2,500. 00 3,060. 00 2,500. 00 4,119. 80 2,500. 00 560. 00 $ 1,619. 80 Gross margin Selling and administrative expenses Operating incomeb First Six Months Actual $ 560. 00 $ (28. 80) $ manufacturing variances are closed out to cost of goods sold on a semi-annual basis. need not be considered. bTaxes Exhibit 2 Sales, Production, and Inventory Statistics First Six Months, 1992 Second Six Months, 1992 Sales forecast Actual sales 200,000 units 212,000 units 200,000 units 188,000 units Normal production Actual production 200,000 units 188,000 units 200,000 units 212,000 units Raw materials, inventory, beginning of period 0 0 Finished goods inventory, beginning of period 100,000 units at $74. 70 standard cost per unit 76,000 units at $74. 70 standard cost per unit Raw materials purchased and used in production 590,000 lbs. 600,000 lbs. Direct labor hours used in production 400,000 hours 425,000 hours 3 This document is authorized for use only by YIMING ZHAO in Managerial Accounting taught by Hai Lu from January 2014 to May 2014. For the exclusive use of Y. ZHAO 193-159 Exhibit 3 Kaufmann Manufacturing Company (A) Comparative Manufacturing Statements (thousands of dollars) Original Budget for First Six Months of 1992 Raw materials Direct labor Factory overhead: Indirect labor Supplies Power Maintenance Supervision Depreciation Insurance First Six Months Actual Variance Original Budget for Second Six Months of 1992 Second Six Months Actual Variance $ 2,400 4,400 $ 2,281 4,400 $119F $ 2,400 4,400 $ 2,432 4,813 $ 32U 413U 1,080 70 1,200 2,050 1,930 1,460 350 1,080 70 1,200 2,172 1,800 1,460 353 122U 130F 3U 1,080 70 1,200 2,050 1,930 1,460 350 1,143 76 1,274 1,676 1,930 1,460 353 63U 6U 74U 374F 3U $14,940 $14,816 124F $14,940 $15,157 217U Note: F = favorable; U = unfavorable. Exhibit 4 months) Standard Cost Sheet (based on normal production volume of 200,000 units every six Cost Per Unit Raw material (3 lbs. of material to complete one unit; @ $4. 00 per lb. ) Direct labor (2 hours to complete one unit; @ $11. 00 per hour) $12. 00 22. 00 Factory overhead: (all allocated on the basis of units of production) Variable costs: Indirect labor Supplies Power 5. 40 .35 6. 00 Fixed costs: Maintenance Supervision Depreciation Insurance 10. 25 9. 65 7. 30 1. 75 Total standard production cost per unit